Powertrekk fuel cell charger to be released in Spring

Along with a fuel cell puck, the PowerTrekk gives your iPhone a bit of juice. Just add water.

(Credit:
Lynn La/CNET)

While it's been circulating around at trade shows for a while, including Mobile World Congress 2011 and CES 2012, the PowerTrekk phone charger is slated to finally come to the U.S. at the end of this quarter.

Although the $229 device is peddled as a charger that can simply juice up your phone on water alone, it's not quite that simple.

To use the PowerTrekk, you also have to purchase a $4 PowerTrekk Pukk. Once you add a small amount of water (about half a shot), and add a one-time-use Pukk, the latter will immediately begin separating the hydrogen from the water, using it as fuel to charge your handset.

Each Pukk will produces 2.5 watts at 5 volts, which is good for about one full iPhone charge. If there is electricity available, however, you can also charge the separate internal battery in the PowerTrekk so it can power your phone later on.

Power your phone in an emergency

When I handled the unit at iWorld in San Francisco, it was indeed very lightweight despite its industrial look, and in a situation where there is no sun, I can see it coming in handy.

However, there is much debate about how useful a product like this can be. Not only is it rather cumbersome in shape, but you'll need to continually buy more Pukks in order to use the device multiple times. Compared to solar chargers and chargers that run on kinetic energy, this can become wasteful and pricey.

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Pictures We Love: Best of January

Photograph by Dieu Nalio Chery, AP

The magnitude 7 earthquake that struck near Port au Prince, Haiti, in January 2010 so devastated the country that recovery efforts are still ongoing.

Professional dancer Georges Exantus, one of the many casualties of that day, was trapped in his flattened apartment for three days, according to news reports. After friends dug him out, doctors amputated his right leg below the knee. With the help of a prosthetic leg, Exantus is able to dance again. (Read about his comeback.)

Why We Love It

"This is an intimate photo, taken in the subject's most personal space as he lies asleep and vulnerable, perhaps unaware of the photographer. The dancer's prosthetic leg lies in the foreground as an unavoidable reminder of the hardships he faced in the 2010 earthquake. This image makes me want to hear more of Georges' story."—Ben Fitch, associate photo editor

"This image uses aesthetics and the beauty of suggestion to tell a story. We are not given all the details in the image, but it is enough to make us question and wonder."—Janna Dotschkal, associate photo editor

Published February 1, 2013

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Swarm-mongering: Brainless blobs flock together

Birds of a feather flock together and now so do brainless, inanimate blobs. Made of microscopic particles, the artificial swarms could shed light on the mysterious mechanisms behind the natural swarming seen in fish and birds. They might also lead to materials with novel properties like self-healing.

Animals such as birds, fish and even humans that move together in swarms have individual intelligence, but Jérémie Palacci of New York University and colleagues wondered whether inanimate objects could also swarm. "From a physicist's point of view, if many different systems behave in the same way there must be an underlying physical rule," he says.

To explore this idea, the team created microscopic plastic spheres, each one with a cubic patch of haematite, an iron oxide, on its surface. When submerged in hydrogen peroxide, the spheres spread out in a disordered fashion. The team then shone blue light on the particles, causing the haematite cubes to catalyse the breakdown of any nearby hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. As hydrogen peroxide concentration dropped temporarily in these regions due to the reaction, osmotic forces cause more hydrogen peroxide to flow into them, and that in turn buffets the spheres. The whole process then repeats.

Self-healing swarm

When two spheres come close enough to each other, the balance of chemical forces shifts so that the two spheres are attracted. If there are enough spheres in the same place they will cluster together to form shapes of symmetrically arranged particles, which the team call crystals (see video, above). These crystals continue to be buffeted by the movement caused by the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide – but now they move together as one object, replicating a life-like swarm. Switch off the light, however, and the reaction stops, causing the crystal to lose the forces that hold it together, and the particle distribution becomes disordered once again.

"This system shows that even though the particles have no social interaction or intelligence, you can exhibit collective behaviour with no biology involved," says Palacci. Since the haematite is magnetic, it is even possible to steer the crystals in one direction by applying a magnetic field. Such control might be useful if the artificial swarms are to be harnessed for applications.

As the particles automatically fill any gaps that form in the crystal, again thanks to the chemical dynamics of the system, they could be used to create a self-assembling, self-healing material. The work is published in the journal Science today.

Schooled by fish

Iain Couzin of Princeton University says these kinds of systems are very useful for studying biological collective behaviour because researchers have complete control over their interactions – unlike natural systems.

His team has its own swarming experiment published in the same issue of Science, based on schools of fish that prefer to stay in shade. Their paper shows that shining a light on some of the fish in the school causes them to speed up, to get away from the light. But as a result, non-illuminated fish also speed up, even though, if acting purely as individuals, they would have had no reason to do so. "We show just by using simple interactions that schools can have a sense of responsiveness to the environment that individuals do not have," he says.

Couzin sees no reason why such behaviour should be limited to natural systems. "In future it may be possible to create systems of particles that can make collective decisions – something we often think of as only possible in biological systems," he says.

Journal references: Living crystals: Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.1230020; Fish: Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.1225883

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8 injured in KJE accident

SINGAPORE: An accident at Kranji Expressway (KJE) early Friday morning left eight people injured and triggered massive traffic congestion.

Police said they received a call requesting for assistance at 5.30am.

On arrival, police established there was an accident involving two private buses.

The Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF), which also received a call for assistance, said the location of the accident was near KJE's exit leading to Pan Island Expressway towards Tuas.

SCDF said eight people were sent to the National University Hospital (NUH).

Police investigations are ongoing.

The traffic jam on the expressway began to ease before 9am, after the lanes at the accident site were cleared.

- CNA/ir

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Nokia begins work on graphene, world's strongest material

A model of a sheet of graphene.

(Credit:
Swedish Academy of Sciences)

Forget diamonds, graphene is now the world's hardest material. And, all sorts of developers most likely want to get their hands on it.

Nokia looks to be ahead of the game in this graphene race. The Finnish mobile phone maker announced today that it was one of the recipients of a $1.35 billion grant from the European Union to do research and development on the super-material over the next 10 years.

"Nokia is proud to be involved with this project, and we have deep roots in the field -- we first started working with graphene already in 2006," Nokia's CTO Henry Tirri said in a statement. "Since then, we have come to identify multiple areas where this material can be applied in modern computing environments. We've done some very promising work so far, but I believe the greatest innovations have yet to be discovered."

Besides being the hardest substance in the world -- 300 times stronger than steel -- graphene has all sorts of other noteworthy qualities. It is also the thinnest object ever obtained by man -- measuring just one atom thick -- and the lightest. It is made of a 2D crystal and looks a bit like scotch tape, only infinitely thinner. Graphene is also transparent, bendable, and a far better conductor than copper.

If Nokia is successful in its development of the material, it will be able to build cell phones that are extremely light, durable, and less susceptible to overheating.

"When we talk about graphene, we've reached a tipping point. We're now looking at the beginning of a graphene revolution," research leader at Nokia Research Center Jani Kivioja said in the statement. "Before this point in time, we figured out a way to manufacture cheap iron that led to the Industrial Revolution. Then there was silicon. Now, it's time for graphene."

Here is a video by Cambridge University about the properties of graphene:

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Sinkhole Swallows Buildings in China

Photograph from AFP/Getty Images

The sinkhole that formed in the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou (pictured) is, unfortunately, not a new occurrence for the country.

Many areas of the world are susceptible to these sudden formations, including the U.S. Florida is especially prone, but Guatemala, Mexico, and the area surrounding the Dead Sea in the Middle East are also known for their impressive sinkholes. (See pictures of a sinkhole in Beijing that swallowed a truck.)

Published January 31, 2013

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Officials: Sen. Menendez Friend Raided in Medicare Fraud Investigation

Federal agents raided the West Palm Beach eye clinic of a longtime friend and political supporter of Sen. Robert Menendez earlier this week after a document shredding truck was observed at the building, following attempts by FBI agents to question Dr. Salomon Melgen about his relationship with the New Jersey Democrat, according to federal officials familiar with the investigation.

The execution of the search warrant was carried out by a federal health care task force, with agents from both the FBI and the federal Department of Health and Human Services Inspector General's office, which had been investigating suspected Medicare fraud by Melgen's clinics for more than a year, the sources told ABC News. The raid appeared unrelated to recent allegations regarding Menendez's trips to Melgen's home in the Dominican Republic.

An attorney for Dr. Melgen's office told ABC News that "the government has not informed Dr. Melgen what concerns it may have. We are confident that Dr. Melgen has acted appropriately at all times. "

A spokesperson for Sen. Menendez told ABC News Thursday that the Senator's office was unaware of any FBI investigation or inquiries involving the Senator. The spokesperson confirmed the Senator was a longtime friend of Dr. Melgen and had recently reimbursed Melgen $58,000 for three trips on the doctor's private jet to the Dominican Republic, following a complaint to the Senate Ethics Committee by a Samuel Thompson, a New Jersey state senator and chair of the Middlesex County Republican Organization, in November 2012, just days prior to Menendez's reelection.

The spokesperson said the Senator was advised by Democratic campaign finance attorneys that under the "friendship" exclusion he likely didn't need to reimburse the cost of the trips, but to avoid any questions of impropriety decided to repay the full cost.

The spokesperson for Menendez also strongly denied allegations by The Daily Caller website that Menendez was involved with underage prostitutes during those trips.

"All of these allegations from a right-wing blog of engaging in prostitution are absolutely false," said the spokesperson. "The Senator has known Dr. Melgen for years and his travel on Melgen's plane on three occasions has been reported and reimbursed as required by the rules."

A spokesperson for the FBI would not confirm or deny the existence of an investigation. The HHS did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Melgen, an eye doctor, is a major political donor, with most of his money going to Democrats. Over the past two decades, he and his family have contributed more than $400,000, and nearly $50,000 has gone to Menendez and Menendez PACs. They also contributed $60,400 to the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee in 2009 – Menendez chaired the DSCC from 2009 to 2011 – and $50,000 to the New Jersey Democratic State Committee.

Questions about Menendez and his relationship with Melgen were raised by a pseudonymous tipster who contacted the Washington, D.C. good government group Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW) in 2012.

The tipster, using the name Peter Williams, told CREW via email that Menendez had traveled to the Dominican Republic in Melgen's plane and had had sex with prostitutes, at least one of them underage.

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Today on New Scientist: 30 January 2013

Timbuktu's precious scientific texts must be saved

Islamist militants in Mali have burned documents that attest to science in Africa before European colonisation - what remains must be protected

Think that massage feels good? Try adding drugs

Nerve bundles that respond to stroking have been identified and chemically activated in mice

How Obama will deliver his climate promise

The US is set to meet - and maybe exceed - Obama's pledge to cut US emissions by 17 per cent, which could give a boost to international climate talks

Minimum booze price will rein in alcohol abuse

Evidence suggests the UK government's proposal to set a minimum price for alcohol could save thousands of lives, and billions of pounds of public money

First real time-travel movies are loopers

Hollywood has played with time travel for decades, but now physicists have the first movies of what travelling to the past actually looks like

Surfer rides highest wave ever caught

Garret McNamara of Hawaii claims to have ridden the highest wave ever caught by a surfer, a 30-metre monster off the coast of Nazaré, Portugal

Infrared laptop trackpad ignores accidental touches

Longpad is a touchpad that extends the full width of your laptop and uses infrared sensors to ignore any unwanted touches

Close call coming: Averting the asteroid threat

With an errant space rock heading this way, just how good are our asteroid defences - and how do we avert the cataclysm?

The right to fight: women at war

The US military has accepted women into combat. What can science tell us about how women deal with being in the line of fire? And are they any different to men?

Earth and others lose status as Goldilocks worlds

Several planets are taking a hit thanks to a redefinition of the habitable zone - the area around a star in which liquid water can theoretically exist

The 10,000-year bender: Why humans love a tipple

Our taste for alcohol results from an evolutionary tussle between humans and yeast - one in which the microbes have often had the upper hand

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Europe will get its money back, says Bank of Greece

BERLIN: Greece will pay back the billions of euros of European aid it has received to fight its debt crisis, the head of the country's central bank told Germany's Sueddeutsche Zeitung.

"I understand the concern of European taxpayers," Governor of the Bank of Greece George Provopoulos, said in Thursday's edition of the daily newspaper.

"But I can tell you one thing: this time, the government will get results. The country is transforming itself. The Europeans will get their money back."

"The Greeks, including the politicians, have understood one thing: this time around it's the last chance for Greece," he added.

Provopoulos acknowledged that the application of structural reforms required by the country's international creditors had in the past not been adequate.

"That was a big mistake," he said.

He also conceded that if "tax evasion is a problem in every country, it is particularly prevalent in Greece".

But he insisted that confidence was returning to the country, for while 87 billion euros ($118b) had been withdrawn from Greek bank accounts since 2010, 15 billion euros had been put back in over the past seven months.

The EU and IMF have committed a total of 240 billion euros ($320b) in rescue loans to Greece since 2010. In return they insisted on a tough austerity programme to get the country's finance in order.

So far, however, Greece has failed to deliver, particularly when it has come to cutting the public deficit.

The coalition government led by Prime Minister Antonis Samaras announced last week that Greece had narrowed its public deficit to 8.1 per cent in 2012, marking a rare improvement over targets pledged to its EU-IMF creditors.

The hardship caused by the swingeing public sector cuts has caused a wave of sometimes violent protests and strikes.

The harsh economic climate has also seen the rise of the far-right in the country with the neo-Nazi Golden Dawn winning 18 seats in the 300-seat parliament in last year's elections.

International human rights groups have warned of a surge in xenophobic attacks on migrants in Greece.

- AFP/ck

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Facebook moving fast on mobile, and spending tons on everything

Risk. What risk? Facebook's ballooning mobile audience is proving to be anything but a bubble-bursting group. Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg today told analysts that the social network's laser-focus on mobile is paying off handsomely -- the result, in part, of accidental good fortune.

"There's no argument, Facebook is a mobile company," Zuckerberg told investors after the company reported fourth-quarter adjusted earnings per share of 17 cents and revenue of $1.59 billion, which was slightly ahead of what Wall Street had expected.

Yes, there's apparently no place like mobile for Facebook. The company said it saw monthly active mobile users jump 57 percent year-over-year to 680 million people in the fourth quarter. And its daily active users on mobile eclipsed desktop users for the first time in the company's history.

Facebook also said it generated 23 percent of its fourth-quarter advertising revenue -- or $306 million -- from mobile. That's double what the company made from mobile last quarter and an impressive percentage considering that Facebook's mobile ad units rolled out just this past June.

Lucky Facebook In the third quarter, Facebook had 604 million people per month using the network on mobile devices. The ever-expanding audience contributed 14 percent to the social network's ad revenue for the quarter, which amounted to roughly $152.6 million. The 604 million people also represented 61 percent year-over-year growth, a mobile migration that would have alarmed investors had Facebook failed to prove that it could monetize members' on-the-go eyeballs.

"A couple of quarters ago mobile revenues were zero percent of our ads revenue," Chief Financial Officer David Ebersman said. "Now we're up to 23 percent and believe there's a lot of growth ahead of us."

In short, Facebook seems to be having little problem monetizing attention as users migrate en masse to the company's mobile apps. The surpise, as Zuckerberg said a few times, is that Facebook threw up ads in the news feed without kick-starting a revolt, something most of us probably assumed would be the case. People hate ads, right?

"One of the big drivers of [mobile revenue] was that as we rolled out ads in news feed, we found that it barely affected the level of engagement on Facebook," Zuckerberg said. "We thought that we could make this work over time without a big impact if we spent a long time tuning the ads, but the numbers turned out even better than we thought without much tuning."

Facebook expected news feed ads to send people fleeing and thought it would need to double-down on ad quality. But that didn't happen, so the company felt so confident that it upped the number of ads it served. Without any fine-tuning, Facebook noticed a marginal "2 percent" engagement dip after pumping up the volume on ads.

More simply put: Facebook got lucky with news-feed ads, aka "Sponsored Stories," and people have yet to flinch. Sponsored Stories, which COO Sheryl Sandberg has called the cornerstone of Facebook's mobile monetization strategy, are status updates that brands and advertisers pay to promote more widely inside the feed on Facebook.

Facebook's semi-accidental success with news-feed ads, should you believe Zuckerberg, Ebersman, and COO Sheryl Sandberg, suggests that once the social network actually figures out how to make the ads better -- through improved targeting and better formats, according to Zuckerberg -- mobile news feed ads will lead to far fatter profits.

A new concern
Investors, however, aren't entirely sold. Even if Facebook's mobile risk, which weighed on the stock for several months after it debuted in May, seems like a distant nightmare, there's another problem: Facebook is spending like crazy.

The social network's costs and expenses, excluding share-based compensation, were $849 million, an increase of 67 percent from the same quarter a year ago. Research and development, including share-based compensation costs, made up 19 percent of expenses in the quarter, up from 11 percent a year ago. Overall, operating margins narrowed to 46 percent in the fourth quarter from 55 percent in the last quarter of 2011, and profit fell 79 percent.

Hello, sticker shock. The shop-till-you-drop costs gave investors cause for immediate concern and contributed to stock volatility in after-hours trading. Shares are currently down roughly 3 percent from Facebook's $31.24 Wednesday close.

But it gets worse. Zuckerberg warned that Facebook would whip out its credit cards and go on a product and personnel spending spree in the year ahead. In what amounted to a verbal slap in the face, he said Facebook expects "expenses to grow at a faster rate than we expect to grow our revenue this year, which means that we aren't operating to maximize our profits this year."

"[Facebook] said spending excluding stock-based compensation would go up 50 percent [in 2013]. That suggests [Facebook] will grow spending by $1.4 billion," Wedbush analyst Michael Pachter told CNET. "[Facebook] needs 28 percent revenue growth just to keep net income flat."

Which means Zuckerberg, perhaps feeling emboldened by the early success in tackling the mobile problem, might try Wall Street's patience for a while longer while he continues to expand his empire.

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